Grammar

Passive Verbs:

Use of Passive

 * Passive voice is used when __//the focus is on the action//__. It is not important/known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen. The focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.


 * Sometimes a statement in passive is //__more polite__// than active voice.

Example: A mistake was made. I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive
Subject + form of //to be// + past-tense verb Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following :
 * the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
 * the finite form of the verb is changed (//to be// + past-tense verb)
 * the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Examples of Passive

 * ~ Tense ||~ Subject ||~ Verb ||~ Object ||
 * **Simple Present** || //Active:// || Rita || writes || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || is written || by Rita. ||
 * **Simple Past** || //Active:// || Rita || wrote || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || was written || by Rita. ||
 * **Present Perfect** || //Active:// || Rita || has written || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || has been written || by Rita. ||
 * **Future I** || //Active:// || Rita || will write || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || will be written || by Rita. ||

Further Examples

 * ~ Tense ||~ Subject ||~ Verb ||~ Object ||
 * **Present Progressive** || //Active:// || Rita || is writing || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || is being written || by Rita. ||
 * **Past Progressive** || //Active:// || Rita || was writing || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || was being written || by Rita. ||
 * **Past Perfect** || //Active:// || Rita || had written || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || had been written || by Rita. ||
 * **Future II** || //Active:// || Rita || will have written || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || will have been written || by Rita. ||
 * **Conditional I** || //Active:// || Rita || would write || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || would be written || by Rita. ||
 * **Conditional II** || //Active:// || Rita || would have written || a letter. ||
 * ^  || //Passive:// || A letter || would have been written || by Rita. ||

Passive Sentences with Two Objects
Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that //__one of the two objects becomes the subject__//, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on. . As you can see in the examples, adding //by Rita// does not sound very elegant. That ’ s why it is //usually// dropped.
 * ~  ||~ Subject ||~ Verb ||~ Object 1 ||~ Object 2 ||
 * //Active:// || Rita || wrote || a letter || to me. ||
 * //Passive:// || A letter || was written || to me || by Rita. ||
 * //Passive:// || I || was written || a letter || by Rita. ||

*Information above taken from English Grammar Online.

Passive Verbs Jeopardy Game/Quiz

Irregular Verbs

**An irregular verb __//does not end with -ed//__ in the past tense**. Here are some examples of irregular verbs: Swim - //**swam, swum**// Sink - **//sank, sunk//** Fall - //**fell, fallen**//

**An irregular verb forms its past tense by:**
 * 1. changing consonants ex: make ---> made **
 * 2. changing vowels ex: run ---> ran **
 * 3. changing vowels and consonants ex: do ---> did **
 * 4. making no change ex: burst ---> burst **

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FUTURE TENSE VERBS

Two ways to write future tense:

 * ** "WILL" **
 * ** "GOING TO" **

Will Practice

**The future verb "going to" is used in the following situations:**
 * 1) __**Planned Events**__ - ex: I am **going to** Mexico in a few days.
 * 2) **__Predictions__**- ex: The test next week is **going to** be really hard.
 * 3) __**Intentions**__- ex: I am **going to** be a rich person someday.

"Going to" pirate game

Song using the future tense "will"

Review/practice Make Your Own Future

Future activity

=Adjectives = Practice

Articles Fill in the blank